Study: A study of the work. Defines nothing.no package

What every App needs

The thirteen App types read together: the mechanisms they share, what stays specific, and what any App definition must be able to say.

Every capability recurs in most of the thirteen App types, and each type shapes it by its own work. Search is a commodity in Admin and the product in a directory. Numbers are a projection in the developer portal and the work itself in the Operating review.

Two layers now carry most of the difference between types. The work layer runs through the Worklist, the delivery and dispatch console, the marketplace and the agent console. The measurement plane runs through all thirteen, with a different measurement policy in each.

Numbers are work. In every type, measurement carries Tasks (define a Metric as a Change, review, watch, release), clocks (horizons, period locks) and authority (who sets a target, who releases a pack). That is why dashboards could not stay a row of Views.

Checklist94 lines from the tables below
0 of 94 ticked · showing 94
Shared mechanism13
  • Developer portalOperating reviewAgent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Developer portalParty portalIn the text ↓
  • Agent consoleIn the text ↓
Work layer16
  • WorklistOperating reviewDelivery and dispatch consoleIn the text ↓
  • Agent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Agent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Disclosure roomIn the text ↓
Measurement plane15
  • Agent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Operating reviewIn the text ↓
  • WorklistAgent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Disclosure roomIn the text ↓
  • Agent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Delivery and dispatch consoleIn the text ↓
  • Agent consoleIn the text ↓
Measurement policy7
  • Developer portalAgent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Operating reviewIn the text ↓
A definition can say24
  • Delivery and dispatch consoleIn the text ↓
  • AdminDisclosure roomIn the text ↓
  • WorklistAgent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Party portalWorklistMarketplaceDelivery and dispatch consoleIn the text ↓
Prototype19
  • Operating reviewIn the text ↓
  • Party portalWorklistAdminBookingStorefrontIn the text ↓
  • Developer portalOperating reviewAgent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Disclosure roomIn the text ↓
  • Disclosure roomIn the text ↓
  • Operating reviewAgent consoleIn the text ↓
  • Disclosure roomIn the text ↓
  • Developer portalIn the text ↓
  • StorefrontIn the text ↓
  • SaaS workspaceIn the text ↓
  • Agent consoleSaaS workspaceIn the text ↓
  • SaaS workspaceIn the text ↓
  • Operating reviewDelivery and dispatch consoleIn the text ↓
  • Delivery and dispatch consoleIn the text ↓
  • Party portalAdminIn the text ↓

Shared mechanisms

Shared means the same records or the same contract, not a similar screen.

MechanismWhat it is
Party relations on a recordA record names its parties: requester, performer, payer, subject, approver, watcher, steward, integrator, and protected, adverse and principal parties. The relation, not a Role flag, decides what each sees and does.
Several Apps over one record setEach side gets its own App, projected from the same records. The Task store feeds six types.
Lifecycles with a ball and a clockTyped states, who acts next, a pending reason, often several machines on one record. Work terminates; the subject it acts on, such as a facility or policy, does not.
A named Verb as the only writeInputs, a reason, a stakes class, an inverse, a refusal that names what refills it. A Verb may be advisory: one actor proposes, a Gate commits.
An authority envelopeMandate, Limit, Approval, delay windows by decision class, floors and autonomy rungs, enforced below every Interface. Who may set a target or release a pack are envelope entries.
A ledger with separate momentsCollect, earn, hold, release, reverse and remit as distinct postings, a merchant of record per line, funds held for others on their own stack.
Evidence and audit as recordsFrozen on submission, bound to what was shown; the audit kept apart from the timeline.
One visibility checkSearch, notifications, digests, exports, webhooks, AI answers and aggregates all pass it, including the grain of a Metric.
Machine renderings from one definitionAPI, MCP, Markdown, JSON and webhooks render the same Views and Verbs.
Channels with content rulesEmail, push, SMS, Slack and Teams render Tasks and Events, with less content where a vertical requires it; push aggregates to a count.
An account planeIdentity across Businesses, organization, members, keys, billing; screens may sit in another owner's portal.
Versions with Test and LiveRunning work keeps the Version it started on; Metric definitions are versioned too.
Keep everythingDelete means retire, recorded and undoable; lineage replaces reopen.

The work layer

MechanismWhat it is
Work envelope with staged revealA teaser before claim, a disclosure sheet recorded when viewed, the packet after clearance, a price fixed at post
Propose, then GateThe performer files a proposal or a completion claim; a Gate holding the principal's bounds commits or refuses verbatim
Typed completion evidenceEach Task declares what closes it: a scan, a photo, a signature, an approval, an Evaluator's verdict
PresenceSite, Time Window, check-in, an attestation grade on the actor
EligibilityBinary predicates at claim, apart from authority, that no score crosses
Dispatch and linked workDispatch is the only birth of a Task; chains, templates over sites, and a field visit linked to a desk decision
Staffing apart from escalationWho fills a Role, what the law reserves, clock ladders and authority asks are four separate declarations
Reserved-act catalogActs reserved by jurisdiction, profession and act class, consulted before any agent, with typed cures
Duty with a named holderEvery live clock names its holder; vacancy is an alarm
The performer's RegisterA subject-owned record built only from settled outcomes, allowed only where the measurement policy permits
Offline captureFacts append and de-duplicate by id; Verbs that change records replay against a Version; money never queues
Delegation and envelopesA Customer delegating to the Business; a firm or union holding member-owned grants; outside performers behind a vendor rail
Utterance gatingEvery outbound message passes a rule pack chosen by the recipient's relation and jurisdiction
Typed waitsA pending reason plus the named act and party, as a versioned public contract
The acting and reporting entityEach Verb, money line, reading and Edition names the legal entity
ObligationsWhat the Business owes governors, each with a statutory clock, often created when a Metric crosses a threshold

The measurement plane

MechanismWhat it is
Metric definitionDeclared over named Events or Entries, never typed in, with unit, polarity, additivity, grain, window, freshness, empty-denominator rule, counting guards, one accountable Role and a Policy
Honest readingsEach number carries its basis, asOf and presence: absent, withheld, unconfirmed, provisional, unset, failed and zero stay distinct
The View addressScope, Role, window, environment, asOf and Policy resolve to one reading, rendered for agents within a token budget, as JSON and as screens
Goals and the review cadenceGoals cascade; progress and pace are derived; a human override carries a reason; a review ends in a Decision; each View declares a goal or an evidence register
Watch, then actA condition fires once on the edge and acts only through a Verb inside the envelope: open a Task, change a rung, pause, brake
Drill path and questionsEvery number resolves to its formula, Events and Actions; a question routes to a declared Metric, and a model never writes a figure
Reports and EditionsA Report is a standing definition with an owner, audience, schedule and releaser; each run leaves a receipt; an Edition freezes at send
Sealed readingsA Proof binds the query, range, definition Version and a records hash, rerunnable without an account; a basis change is a boundary
ForecastsTyped, with method, interval and read date; they can set state and are scored
Measurement policyWho may be measured, by whom, at what grain, for which uses, per subject kind, relation and audience, enforced where queries are built
One event pipelineDeclared Events feed Metrics; telemetry is not the ledger; the vocabulary is governed; every read carries its client class
ExperimentsA Hypothesis on every change of consequence; assignment by hash; floors are never variants
Evals gate releasesSuites with provenance, runs pinned to Versions, gates that release an agent's rung or a Dataset Version
Flow and activationActivation per Persona and Offer, derived in every Customer-facing type
A reading that releases moneyAn Outcome Contract settles on a sealed reading both parties can rerun

The measurement policy

SubjectRule
Employee under an employerNo rate, duration, utilization, attainment or per-person View; work is read from work, never from a person; the regime is fixed at build
Independent performerIts own Register from settled outcomes, shown to it, used for routing, never sold to an employer
AgentMeasurable in full, except a rate on a key a named human deputized
A seatAn agent-filled seat's review in full; a human-filled seat's review is per-person attainment, a recorded conflict
CustomerNamed only in owner-private renderings; pooled above a floor elsewhere
Visitor, ProspectCompany or person grain under consent, one Suppression across related Brands
Business, resourceMeasurable; utilization of a room is not utilization of a person

The rule covers dashboards, exports, Reports and AI answers, not only screens. Regulation reaches it: AI that allocates or evaluates work is high-risk in the EU, and every chart needs a non-visual rendering.

What stays specific

TypeCarried only by it
Developer portalExactly-once metering against real-time Limits; keys as a security product; version pins; the Customer's usage with a typed projection
Party portalAcceptance under an Outcome Contract; the party relation set and its legal narrowing
WorklistOne settle contract across registers; the regime as a build-time constant; no surveillance by query direction; offline per Verb
Operating reviewThe review that ends in a Decision; target authority; the agent context block as a first rendering; owner-private scenarios
AdminEditing the Definition, Metric definitions included; retire, merge and restore; import mapping; view-as sessions
Agent consoleReleases gated by evals; rung, decision class and scope; session takeover; seats in the Customer's tools
DirectoryClaims; facts with attestation and freshness; placement inventory; rights of subjects who never signed up
SaaS workspaceViews as runtime data; local-first sync; tenant schema; the sharing graph; operated tenancy
MarketplaceLiquidity per segment; five matching modes; reviews revealed together; money shapes a take rate cannot express
Delivery and dispatch consoleDispatch forms; the deadline ladder; state through a Gate; the oversight ratchet; the owned-edge desk
BookingAvailability algebra; atomic holds across several capacities; three time zones; money that depends on when
StorefrontOrder sub-machines with a per-line ledger; inventory reservation; tax and merchant of record; reverse logistics
Disclosure roomRelease with sign-off; per-counterparty access; keyless verification; regulated holder content; consents with quorum

Look-alikes and colliding words

  • Inbox names three things: notifications, Tasks waiting on me, and triage. The Worklist is the Task one.
  • The Register is not a dashboard. It is a record with inputs, an owner and projections; a per-person dashboard over the same Task store is what the measurement policy refuses.
  • Capacity is computed four ways: availability algebra, credential by jurisdiction by day, inventory levels, Limits per call. They share an atomic hold with a time limit, not an engine.
  • Per-person numbers are refused for employees, core for an independent performer's own Register, measurable for agents and owner-private for named Customers.

Some words block one shared definition until a curator disposes of them:

  • Dashboard, with five senses: an App kind, the developer portal, the view of a scope, a step of a Flow, and a portal mount;
  • Review, with five; Report, with four; Watch, with four;
  • Task, Worklist, Register, Attestation, Mandate and Claim, each with three or more;
  • Consent: a person's grant for one Purpose, or a board's vote;
  • Access level, held by a Worker, which a Customer's members are not;
  • Scorecard, retired in favour of Role Review;
  • hold, evidence, supplier, release, seat, stage, service and variant, as before.

Business is the genus of Startup, so startupbuilder.dev's entry listing it as an avoided synonym of Startup reads as superseded.

What a definition must say

None of these chooses a syntax.

AreaA definition can say
Where it sitsIt attaches to a Business, and Startup-layer data changes what is live and who answers without changing the type. Records are shared, and an App is one side's projection, per relation, per stage and per field; withheld differs from absent.
Lifecycles and timeTyped state machines with who acts next and a pending reason; state derived from a journal. Every clock declares what it counts, whom it pauses on, its class (statutory or internal) and what happens at expiry.
WorkA Task names its evidence type, and the Gate refuses any other shape. A performer's Verb may be advisory. Work is born only by dispatch, can link across registers and outlives no terminal. A claimable unit declares its posted price and pay basis.
Acts and authorityEach Verb's inputs, reason codes, stakes class, inverse and refusals with their refill class. Reserved acts by jurisdiction. Authority is enforced in the runtime; who may sign a scope depends on the scope. A deployment can fix rules at build time.
Money, evidence, visibilityA ledger with distinct moments, a merchant of record and an acting entity per line; reversals first-class; money Verbs never queue offline. One visibility check everywhere, aggregates included.
NumbersA number is a reading of a registered Metric at an address, never typed in, with governance declared. A rendered number is honest. What may be measured about whom is declared and enforced where queries are built. A View declares its register. Reports and Editions are records, and outside readers get sealed renderings, never live Admin access.
Renderings and channelsEvery View has machine renderings from the same definition, including the agent's context block within a budget; channels render Tasks and Events under content rules.
Change over timeDefinitions are versioned; a base plus an overlay that only tightens; user-authored Views, saved queries and watch rules are data that survive schema change; delete is retire.
Shape of a typeA type is parameterized by axes, so variants compose: relation, register, regime, pay basis, device and grain for the Worklist; party relation for the portal; edge and steward for the console; money shape and employment edge for the marketplace. Each type starts small and wakes capabilities by trigger. One shell composes several types; most screens generate, with named slots.

Open: the definition

An earlier, unfinished App definition holds entities, functions of four kinds (code, generative, agentic, human) and workflows. Its four kinds match the work layer's four kinds of performer, and its human function is the seed of the Worklist, not the Worklist.

Entities live inside the App, so two Apps over one record set duplicate them. A human step is a function that returns, agents are members of the App rather than Workers filling Roles, and goals are free strings no Metric can read.

Of the 78 requirements the tables above condense, it touches 9 and none in full. The work layer and the measurement plane are where the types now differ most, and it holds neither.

Better pieces exist apart from it. A Noun-first definition puts Verbs on the Noun. business-as-code's Business() gives the root, its Organization carries approval chains, and it holds goals, KPIs and OKRs. They are data only, with values typed in and polarity guessed from a Metric's name, so joined as they stand they contradict the honest-reading rules.

These prototypes answer what the definition must decide. Each is types plus an interpreter, a ledger or a query guard, tested against the studies' unhappy paths, and none needs a UI framework.

QuestionSmallest prototype
Can one record-and-Verb definition yield several side projections?One services-as-software Business written twice, as types only, with four projections including its own Operating review. Count duplicated declarations.
Can one lifecycle notation hold concurrent machines, the ball and derived state?Encode a storefront Order, a booking with its payment, a delivery work item, a Task over its Action and a facility with its applications.
Does one clock term cover every deadline?A term with what it counts, whom it pauses on, its class and an expiry of cancel, proceed, escalate, accept or retract.
Does one measurement guard hold every per-person view?Run a performer's Register, a firm roster, a team queue, capacity per credential, a Role Review of a human seat and a deputized agent key through one guard; output pass, own, withheld or fail per audience.
Does one Task envelope carry five registers?A pick, an attested filing with a decline, a closer's span, a refund approval and a field visit with check-in through one settle contract; build a frontline deployment without the approvals mode.
Does a holder need its own type?One reading with a Key Result at pace and an obligation; render it for the founder, then release it as an Edition and check it needs records a View does not hold.
Does a Policy travel with the number?One Metric read for the founder's week, a holder Edition and a sealed Proof; check they reconcile and verify offline.
Can a watch change autonomy safely?A watch that drops an agent from full to assist; check the Decision, the re-arm and the next context block.
Do snapshots survive late refunds?Three snapshots, a late refund, a basis change; refuse the delta across it and print an errata line.
Do release, correction and revocation reach the right readers?One investor update to three holders, a correction, and one access revoked.
Does one hold serve every engine?A multi-capacity hold raced by two bookers, reused for a shift, inventory and a Limit check.
Do Order states plus a work record carry collect, earn and reverse?Postings for a service, a goods Order with partial refund, a refund after payout, a zero-take route and a flat fee.
Can a derived worklist bind an approval to what was shown?One refund approval with the amount changed between display and settle.
Can the founder's stream cross tenants safely?Two Startups and three provider Businesses as a union of per-tenant reads that never join records.
Can a Role filling carry an agent's seat?One hired agent in two tenants, checking that no Memory crosses, then let go.
Do tenant Views survive a vendor rename?A vendor v1, a tenant field, View and saved Metric query, then a v2 that renames the field.
Is a type a definition-level concept or a preset?Build the operator console, the Operating review's shell and an owned-edge desk from shared parts only.
Are the watch-listed candidates types?Build a demand console and a dataset release console from existing types' parts, and list what none has.
How does each type show a data request truthfully?One data-request record rendered in Admin and a portal, using only the recorded route for erasure.

No App() syntax page exists until these answer.

On this page